In this article we briefly introduce an original method, the purpose of which fundamentally lies in providing musicians with a reliable instrument that may effectively assist them in carrying out the chord progressions analisys. Low-resistance neona-tal arterial cannulae need to be developed. Larger cannula and tubing are recommended for neonatal CPB. Appropriate arterial cannula and arterial tubing should be considered to match the expected flow rate. A small-bore arterial cannula and arterial tubing created high circuit pressure drop and hemodynamic energy loss. Maquet 6Fr arterial cannula had a greater pressure drop than the DLP 6Fr. Compared with the others, the RMI 8Fr arterial cannula had significantly lower pressure drop and energy loss. Hypothermia further increased circuit pressure drop and hemodynamic energy loss. The maximum preoxygenator pressures reached 449.7 ± 1.0 mm Hg (Maquet 6Fr at 400 mL/min), and 395.7 ± 0.4 mm Hg (DLP 8Fr at 600 mL/min) when using 1/8 in ID arterial tubing at 28☌. ![]() Higher circuit pressure, circuit pressure drop, and hemodynamic energy loss across the circuit were recorded when using small-bore arterial cannula and small inner diameter arterial tubing in a neonatal CPB circuit. ![]() Flow and pressure data were collected using a custom-based data acquisition system. Trials were conducted at different flow rates (6Fr: 200–400 mL/min 8Fr: 200– 600 mL/min) and temperatures (35 and 28☌). The circuit was primed using lac-tated Ringer's solution and heparinized packed human red blood cells (hematocrit 30%). ![]() The experimental circuits consisted of a Jostra HL-20 roller pump, a Terumo Capiox Baby FX05 oxygenator with integrated arterial filter, an arterial and a venous tubing (1/4, 3/16, or 1/8 in × 150 cm), and an arterial cannula (Medtronic Bio-Medicus 6Fr and 8Fr, Maquet 6Fr and 8Fr, or RMI Edwards 8Fr). The objective of this study was to evaluate five small-bore arterial cannulae (6Fr and 8Fr) in terms of pressure drop and hemodynamic performance in simulated neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits.
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